Health Information & Analysis
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La Clasificación Estadística Internacional de Enfermedades y Problemas Relacionados con la Salud, Décima Revisión (CIE-10) fue respaldada por la Cuadragésima Tercera Asamblea Mundial de la Salud en mayo de 1990 y se empezó a usar en los Estados Miembros de la Organización Mundial de la Salud (OMS) a partir de 1994.
La clasificación es la última en una serie que tiene sus orígenes en el año 1850. La primera edición, conocida como la Lista Internacional de las Causas de Muerte, fue adoptada por el Instituto Internacional de Estadística en 1893. La OMS asumió la responsabilidad de la CIE a su creación en 1948 cuando se publicó la Sexta Revisión, cuya publicación incluía por primera vez las causas de morbilidad. La Asamblea Mundial de la Salud de OMS adoptó en 1967 el Reglamento de Nomenclaturas que estipula el uso de CIE en su revisión más actual por todos los Estados Miembros.
La CIE-10 constituye uno de los estándares internacionales más usados para elaborar estadísticas de morbilidad y mortalidad en el mundo.
Read more: Clasificación Internacional de Enfermedades (CIE)
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PAHO's main objective in the area of information systems is to improve health information for decision-making and program planning. In recent years, the organization has led an initiative to develop and maintain a regional plan for strengthening health information systems and has joined other initiatives in assisting countries in the production of improved health statistics.
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The World Health Organization (WHO) has for mandate the production of international classifications on health that constitute the International Family of Classifications. These classifications constitute a group of integrated classification products to be used alone or jointly, with the purpose of improving health through the provision of information for decision-making at all levels.
The International Statistical Classification of Diseases and Related Health Problems - 10th Revision (ICD-10) is one of the international standards most frequently used for morbidity and mortality statistics in the World.
The purpose of the ICD is to allow the systematic registration, analysis, interpretation and comparison of mortality and morbidity data collected in different countries or areas, at different times. The classification converts diagnostic terms and other health problems from words to alphanumeric codes so they can be stored and later retrieved for analysis.
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The International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health (ICF) is a reference classification that, along with the ICD, constitute one of the most important reference in the FIC.
The ICF constitutes an innovating classification by widening the application of the FIC to information on functioning and disability at the individual and population levels, in order to generate evidence for the planning of services, evaluation of public health interventions, programs, and policies in the countries.
In order to promote the development, implementation, dissemination, and adequate use of the FIC in National Health Information Systems, WHO relies on support from Collaborating Centers that, along with Regional Offices, are part of the WHO-FIC Network.
The use of international classifications in health information systems requires an adequate knowledge of its contents and of the process to integrate the data in the system.
The adequate application of the international classifications in required in various stages of the process, including the collection, processing, capture, validation, presentation, analysis, and dissemination of the information.
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PREFACE
Health Statistics from the Americas, 2006 Edition is the sixth in a series begun in 1991 to complement the quadrennial publication Health in the Americas. This is the second edition to be produced only in an electronic format, and includes a special topic on the ten leading causes of death in 31 countries of the Americas.
The 2006 edition contains mortality data for all country-years received after publication of the 2003 Edition of this series. This volume presents a large number of country-years of available data —155 data years from 42 countries. It includes 45 country-years of mortality data coded with the Ninth Revision (ICD-9) and 110 Country-years with the Tenth Revision (ICD-10). These data are presented for cause groups according to the PAHO 6/61 List for tabulation of ICD-9 and the PAHO 6/67 List for tabulation of ICD-10 coded mortality.
As countries strive to meet the growing demands for good data to monitor progress towards the Millennium Development Goals (MDGs), mortality data have become a key component with two MDGs expressing targets in terms of mortality.
The publication serves to display the extensive availability of detailed mortality data in countries of the Americas. It also highlights the importance of addressing deficiencies in data coverage and quality in order to improve the reliability and usefulness of registered mortality information. Despite improvements over the years, much more needs to be done to strengthen the civil registration and vital statistics systems in countries where they are deficient.
The Pan American Health Organization gratefully acknowledges the continued cooperation and support of its Member States in providing this information for dissemination. I am confident that this information can contribute toward health situation analyses used by policymakers to make decisions that improve the health of the populations of the Americas.
Mirta Roses Periago
Director
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Improvement of the mortality rate of the population of The Americas since 1985 is evidenced in this data visualization. As a result of public health policies and actions, risks to die have consistently decreased in young populations.
General mortality rate in 1-4 years old age group has decreased from 1985 to 2006 47% in Andean, 64% in Central America, 84% in Latin Caribbean, 49% in Non-Latin Caribbean, 51% in Mexico and Brazil, and 42% in North America and 35% in South Cone sub regions. However some inequalities persist among sub regions of The Americas. Explore by yourself this evidence.