Guideline for the Treatment of Leishmaniasis in the Americas. Second Edition

This second edition presents updated therapeutic recommendations for leishmaniases, detailing the treatment indications, criteria and schemes in the regional context. These guidelines include several notable changes from the first edition. For cutaneous leishmaniasis, ketoconazole has been removed from the list of treatment options; the number of Leishmania species for which there is strong evidence for the efficacy of miltefosine has increased from two to four; and the recommendation for intralesional antimonials is now strong. For mucosal leishmaniasis there is now a strong recommendation for use of pentavalent antimonials with or without oral pentoxifylline.